Conclusions
According to the medical literature, adiaspiromycosis remains a relatively rare disease of otherwise healthy human hosts. However, reports from many countries worldwide have detailed high prevalence rates in indigenous wild mammals, which suggests that this fungal infection may be substantially under-diagnosed in the human population, especially since infections with low fungal burdens are usually asymptomatic, or at worst mild and self-limiting. Moreover, recent descriptions of novel pathogenic Emergomyces species with a yeast tissue form rather than an adiaspore form, and which affect predominantly immunocompromised patients underscore the morphological, taxonomic and pathogenic complexities of this interesting group of Emmonsia-like fungi.