Anote on nomenclature is appropriate before undertaking this survey of the muscles of domestic animals.
Traditionally, muscles are given Latin names, and as these are foreign words, they are italicized. The Latin names are usually highly descriptive of the function and/ or appearance of the muscle, and the student is encouraged to use a medical dictionary to explore their meaning.
In Latin, as in many Romance languages, the noun is written first, followed by adjectives that describe it. Hence, the musculus triceps brachii (literally, the threeheaded muscle of the arm) begins with the noun, musculus, usually abbreviated as m., plural mm. In English, nouns are generally preceded by their descriptors, so the abbreviation for muscle is placed at the end of the string of adjectives, for example, deep digital flexor m. In Latin, the same muscle is m. flexor digitalis profundus. This text uses English or Latin names, opting for whichever is in wider use.
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