References
[1] El Berbri I, Ducrotoy MJ, Petavy AF, Fassifihri O, Shaw AP, Bouslikhane M, et al. Knowledge, attitudes and practices with regard to the presence, transmission, impact, and control
of cystic echinococcosis in Sidi Kacem Province, Morocco.
Infect Dis Poverty. 2015;4: 1-12. doi:10.1186/ s40249-015-0082-9[2] Matossian RM, Rickard MD, Smyth JD. Hydatidosis: a global problem of increasing importance. Bull World Health Organ. 1977;55: 499-507.
[3] Wen H, Yang WG. Public health importance of cystic echinococcosis in China. Acta Trop. 1997;67: 133-145. doi:10.1016/S0001-706X(97)00051-X
[4] Torgerson PR, Heath DD. Transmission dynamics and control options for Echinococcus granulosus. Parasitology. 2003;127. doi:10.1017/ S0031182003003810
[5] Budke CM, Campos-Ponce M, Qian W, Torgerson PR. A canine purgation study and risk factor analysis for echinococcosis in a high endemic region of the Tibetan plateau. Vet Parasitol. 2005;127: 43-49. doi:10.1016/j. vetpar.2004.08.024
[6] Dakkak A. Echinococcosis/ hydatidosis: A severe threat in Mediterranean countries. Vet
Parasitol. 2010;174: 2-11. doi:10.1016/j. vetpar.2010.08.009
[7] Amarir FE, Saadi A, Marcotty T, Rhalem A, Oukessou M, Sahibi H, et al. Cystic echinococcosis in three locations in the Middle Atlas, Morocco: Estimation of the infection rate in the dog reservoir. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2020;20: 436-443. doi:10.1089/vbz.2019.2538
[8] Thys S, Sahibi H, Gabriel S, Rahali T, Lefevre P, Rhalem A, et al. Community perception and knowledge of cystic echinococcosis in the High Atlas
Mountains, Morocco. BMC Public Health. 2019;19: 1-15. doi:10.1186/ s12889-018-6372-y
[9] Eckert J, Conraths FJ, Tackmann K. Echinococcosis: An emerging or re-emerging zoonosis? Int J Parasitol. 2000;30: 1283-1294. doi:10.1016/ S0020-7519(00)00130-2
[10] Sante MDELA, Sante S De. d’ Epidemiologie d’ Intervention.
[11] Cabrera PA, Lloyd S, Haran G, Pineyro L, Parietti S, Gemmell MA, et al. Control of Echinococcus granulosus in Uruguay: Evaluation of different treatment intervals for dogs. Vet Parasitol. 2002;103: 333-340. doi:10.1016/S0304-4017(01)00603-3
[12] Craig PS, Gasser RB, Parada L, Cabrera P, Parietti S, Borgues C, et al. Diagnosis of canine echinococcosis: comparison of coproantigen and serum antibody tests with arecoline purgation in Uruguay. Vet Parasitol. 1995;56: 293301. doi:10.1016/0304-4017(94)00680-B
[13] Campos-Bueno A, Lopez-Abente G, Andres-Cercadillo AM. Risk factors
for Echinococcus granulosus infection: A case-control study. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2000;62: 329-334. doi:10.4269/ ajtmh.2000.62.329
[14] Veterinaire D. La Lutte Contre L ’ Hydatidose En Sardaigne. 2009.
[15] Otero-Abad B, Torgerson PR. A Systematic Review of the Epidemiology of Echinococcosis in Domestic and Wild Animals. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002249
[16] Craig PS, Larrieu E. Control of Cystic Echinococcosis/Hydatidosis: 1863-2002. Adv Parasitol. 2006;61: 443508. doi:10.1016/S0065-308X(05)61011-1
[17] Saadi A, Amarir F, Filali H, Thys S, Rhalem A, Kirschvink N, et al. The socio-economic burden of cystic echinococcosis in morocco: A combination of estimation method. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14: 1-20. doi:10.1371/ journal.pntd.0008410
[18] Battelli G. Echinococcosis: Costs, losses and social consequences
of a neglected zoonosis. Vet Res Commun. 2009;33: 47-52. doi:10.1007/ s11259-009-9247-y
[19] Battelli G. Socio-economic impact of cystic echinococcosis and of its control: Some data and considerations. Parassitologia. 2004;46: 359-362.
[20] Benner C, Carabin H, Sanchez- Serrano LP, Budke CM, Carmena D. Analysis of the economic impact of cystic echinococcosis in Spain. Bull World Health Organ. 2010;88: 49-57. doi:10.2471/BLT.09.066795
[21] AzlafR, DakkakA. Epidemiological study of the cystic echinococcosis in Morocco.
Vet Parasitol. 2006;137: 83-93. doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.01.0 03[22] Chebli H, Laamrani El Idrissi A, Benazzouz M, Lmimouni BE, Nhammi H, Elabandouni M, et al. Human cystic echinococcosis in Morocco: Ultrasound screening in the Mid Atlas through an Italian-Moroccan partnership. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017;11: 1-20. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd. 0005384
[23] Maghnouj M. Quelques especes de mammiferes de la cedraie au Maroc : cas du singe magot. Foret Mediterraneenne. 1999;20: 101-106.
[24] El Berbri I, Petavy AF, Umhang G, Bouslikhane M, Fassi Fihri O, Boue F, et al. Epidemiological Investigations on Cystic Echinococcosis in NorthWest (Sidi Kacem Province) Morocco: Infection in Ruminants. Adv Epidemiol. 2015;2015: 1-9. doi:10.1155/2015/104025
[25] Economides P, Christofi G, Gemmell MA. Control of Echinococcus granulosus in Cyprus and comparison with other island models. Vet Parasitol. 1998;79: 151-163. doi:10.1016/ S0304-4017(98)00163-0
[26] Eckert J, Gemmell M, Meslin F-X, Z.S P. WHO/OIE Manual on Echinococcosis in Humans and Animals: A Public Health Problem of Global Concern. Veterinary Parasitology. 2002. doi:10.1016/ s0304-4017(01)00631-8
[27] Zhang W, Li J, McManus DP. Concepts in Immunology and Diagnosis of Hydatid Disease. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2003;16: 18-36. doi:10.1128/ CMR.16.1.18-36.2003
[28] Zeyhle E, Zhou P, Rogan M, Stringer R. Coproantigen detection for immunodiagnosis of echinococcosis and taeniasis in dogs and humans. Parasitology. 1992;104: 347-355. doi:10.1017/S0031182000061801
[29] Mathis A, Deplazes P Copro-DNA tests for diagnosis of animal taeniid cestodes. Parasitol Int. 2006;55. doi:10.1016/j.parint.2005.11.012
[30] Farias LN, Malgor R, Cassaravilla C, Braganga C, De La Rue ML.
Echinococcosis in Southern Brazil: Efforts toward implementation of a control program in Santana do Livramento, Rio Grande do Sul. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2004;46: 153-156. doi:10.1590/ s0036-46652004000300006
[31] Larrieu E, Zanini F. Critical analysis of cystic echinococcosis control programs and praziquantel use in South America, 1974-2010. Rev Panam Salud Publica/Pan Am J Public Heal. 2012;31: 81-87. doi:10.1590/ S1020-49892012000100012
[32] Chemotherapie I, Ag B, Wuppertal D-. Parasitenkunde. 1978;179: 165-179.
[33] Lahmar PS. Travail sur Echinococcus en Tunisie. 2011; 4-6.