<<
>>

Examination of the Neonate

Most of the physical diagnostic techniques described in the preceding paragraphs for the adult may be applied to examina­tion of the neonate. Most spinal reflexes of livestock are well developed after birth.

In the normal foal younger than 3 weeks of age, the limbs are hypertonic and hyperreflexic, with occasional myoclonus occurring after percussion of the patellar or triceps tendons. This hyperreflexia is most pronounced in the pelvic limbs. A lack of menace response for up to 2 weeks after delivery is expected because the menace response must be learned. When restrained, the newborn foal relaxes into a trancelike state, periodically awakening and struggling violently before becoming passive again.

Bottle-reared calves aggressively attempt to suck while being examined, including vigorously head-butting the handler. Beef calves attempt to escape restraint and do not attempt to suck. See Chapter 17 for more on foals and Chapter 20 for more on neonatal ruminants.

<< | >>
Source: Smith Bradford P., Van Metre David C., Pusterla Nicola (eds.). Large Animal Internal Medicine. Part 1. 6th edition. — Elsevier,2020. — 2279 p.. 2020

More on the topic Examination of the Neonate: