GASTRIC MOTILITY
Normal passage of ingesta into the stomach and duodenum requires coordination of esophageal, gastric, and duodenal motility. Esophagogastric and gastroduodenal motility is coordinated by the esophageal myenteric plexus, which is continuous with the gastric myenteric plexus, which is continuous with that of the pylorus and small intestine.
Gastric storage, mixing, grinding, and transport functions all require different types of motility. Gastric filling stimulates stretch receptors in the fundus and body to cause gastric relaxation, facilitating reservoir function without causing increased intragastric pressure. Mixing and grinding of food and transport of liquid and small food particles to the pylorus occur as several peristaltic contractions per minute travel from the gastric body to the antrum. As a peristaltic wave approaches the pylorus, small amounts of liquid chyme pass into the duodenum. The pylorus then closes, and larger particles remain in the antrum and gastric body for additional digestion. High concentration of carbohydrate, protein, or fat entering the duodenum stimulates pyloric closure to slow gastric emptying and prevent small intestinal overload.
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