References

1. Parrish CR, Have P, Foreyt WJ et al. The global spread and re­placement of canine parvovirus strains. J Gen Virol 1988; 69: 1111­1116.

2. Parrish CR, O'Connell PH, Evermann JF et al.

3. Glickman LT, Domanski LM, Patronek GJ et al. Breed-related risk factors for canine parvovirus enteritis.J Am Vet Med Assoc 1985; 187: 589-594.

4. Otto CM, Drobatz KJ, Soter C. Endotoxemia and tumor necrosis factor activity in dogs with naturally occurring parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Intern Med 1997; 11: 65-70.

15. Turk J, Miller M, Brown T et al. Coliform septicemia and pulmonary disease associated with canine parvoviral enteritis: 88 cases (1987- 1988).JAm Vet Med Assoc 1990; 196: 771-773.

6. Pollock RV, Coyne MJ. Canine parvovirus. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1993; 23: 555-568.

7. Waldvogel AS, Hassam S, Weilenmann R et al. Retrospective study of myocardial canine parvovirus infection by in situ hybridization. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B. 1991; 38: 353-357.

18. Hoskins JD Gourley KR, Taylor HW. Evaluation of a fecal antigen ELISA test for the diagnosis of canine parvovirus.J Vet Int Med 1996; 10: 159-164.

19. Senda M, Parrish CR, Harasawa R et al. Detection by PCR of wild­type canine parvovirus, which contaminates dog vaccines. J Clin Microbiol, 1995; 33: 110-113.

10. Mohr AJ, Leisewitz AL, Jacobson LS et al. Effect of early enteral nutrition on intestinal permeability, intestinal protein loss, and out­come in dogs with severe parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Intern Med 2003; 17: 791-798.

11. Otto CM, Jackson CB, Rogell EJ et al. Recombinant bactericidal/ permeability-increasing protein (rBPI21) for treatment of parvovi­rus enteritis: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. J Vet Intern Med 2001; 15: 355-360.

12. Rewerts JM, McCaw DL, Cohn LA et al.

13. De Mari K, Maynard L, Eun HM et al. Treatment of canine parvo- viral enteritis with interferon-omega in a placebo-controlled field trial. Vet Rec 2003; 152: 105-108.

14. O'Brien SE, Roth JA, Hill BA. Response of pups to modified live canine parvovirus component in a combination vaccine. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1986; 188: 699-701.

15. Greene CE, Appel MJ. Canine Distemper. In: Greene CE (ed.), Infec­tious diseases of the dog and cat, 3rd ed. St. Louis, MO, Saunders Elsevier, 2006; 25-31.

16. Rottier PJ, Nakamura K, Schellen P et al. Acquisition of macrophage tropism during the pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis is determined by mutations in the feline coronavirus spike protein. J Virol 2005; 79: 14122-14130.

17. Addie DD, Jarrett O. A study of naturally occurring feline coronavi­rus infections in kittens. Vet Rec 1992; 130: 133—137.

18. Inada S, Mochizuki M, Izumo S et al. Study of hereditary cerebellar degeneration in cats. Am J Vet Res 1996; 57 (3): 296-301.

19. Esfandiari J, Klingeborn B. A comparative study of a new rapid and one-step test for the detection of parvovirus in faeces from dogs, cats and mink. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2000; 47: 145­153.

20. Reinacher M. Diseases associated with spontaneous feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection in cats. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1989; 21: 85-95.

21. Burnens AP, Angeloz-Wick B, Nicolet J. Comparison of Campylo­bacter carriage rates in diarrheic and healthy pet animals. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B 1992; 39: 175-180.

22. Murinda SE, Nguyen NT, Nam HM et al. Detection of sorbitol­negative and sorbitol-positive Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter jejuni, and Salmonella spp. in dairy farm environmental samples. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2004; 1:97­104.

23. Hald B, Madsen M.

24. Spain CV, Scarlett JM, Wade SE et al. Prevalence of enteric zoonotic agents in cats less than 1 year old in central New York State. J Vet Intern Med 2001; 15: 33-38.

25. Sandberg M, Bergsjo B, Hofshagen M et al. Risk factors for Campy­lobacter infection in Norwegian cats and dogs. Prev Vet Med 2002; 55: 241-253.

26. Hackett T, Lappin MR. Prevalence of enteric pathogens in dogs of north-central Colorado. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2003; 39: 52-56.

27. Wieland B, Regula G, Danuser J et al. Campylobacter spp. in dogs and cats in Switzerland: risk factor analysis and molecular characteriza­tion with AFLP.J Vet Med B 2005; 52: 183-189.

28. Hald B, Pedersen K, Waino M et al. Longitudinal study of the excre­tion patterns of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in young pet dogs in Denmark. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42: 2003-2012.

29. Kapperud G, Skjerve B, Bean NH et al. Risk factors for sporadic Campylobacter infections: results of a case-control study in southeast­ern Norway. J Clin Microbiol 1992; 30: 3117-3121.

30. Weese JS, Staempfli HR, Prescott JF et al. The roles of Clostridium difficile and enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens in diarrhea in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2001; 15: 374-378.

31. Marks SL, Kather EJ, Kass PH et al. Genotypic and phenotypic char­acterization of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile in di- arrheic and healthy dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2002; 16: 533-540.

32. Weese JS, Armstrong J. Outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in a small animal veterinary teaching hospital.J Vet Intern Med 2003; 17: 813-816.

33. Weese JS, Staempfli HR, Prescott JF. Isolation of environmental Clostridium difficile from a veterinary teaching hospital. J Vet Diagn Invest 2000; 12: 449-452.

34. Turk J, Maddox C, Fales W et al. Examination for heat-labile, heat­stable, and Shiga-like toxins and for the eaeA gene in Escherichia coli isolates obtained from dogs dying with diarrhea: 122 cases (1992­1996).

35. Beutin L. Escherichia coli as a pathogen in dogs and cats. Vet Res 1999; 30: 285-298.

36. Clark C, Cunningham J, Ahmed R et al. Characterization of Salmo­nella associated with pig ear dog treats in Canada. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39: 3962-3968.

37. Van Immerseel F, Pasmans F, De Buck J et al. Cats as a risk for trans­mission of antimicrobial drug-resistant Salmonella. Emerg Infect Dis 2004; 10: 2169-2174.

38. Cherry B, Burns A, Johnson GS et al. Salmonella typhimurium out­break associated with veterinary clinic. Emerg Infect Dis 2004; 10: 2249-2251.

39. Tauni MA, Osterlund A. Outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium in cats and humans associated with infection in wild birds. J Small Anim Pract 2000; 41: 339-341.

40. Stiver SL, Frazier KS, Mauel MJ et al. Septicemic salmonellosis in two cats fed a raw-meat diet. J Am Anim Hosp Asso, 2003; 39: 538­542.

41. Foley JE, Orgad U, Hirsh DC et al. Outbreak of fatal salmonellosis in cats following use of a high-titer modified-live panleukopenia virus vaccine.J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999; 214: 67-4.

42. Wall PG, Davis S, Threlfall EJ et al. Chronic carriage of multidrug resistant Salmonella typhimurium in a cat.J Small Anim Pract 1995; 36: 279-281.

43. De Cock HE, Marks SL, Stacy BA et al. Ileocolitis associated with Anaerobiospirillum in cats. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42: 2752-2758.

44. Greene CE. Histoplasmosis. In: Greene CE (ed.), Infectious diseases of the dog and cat, 3rd ed. St. Louis, MO, Saunders Elsevier, 2006; 577­583.

45. Grooters AM, Foil CS. Miscellaneous fungal infections. In: Greene CE (ed.), Infectious diseases of the dog and cat, 3rd ed. St. Louis, MO, Saunders Elsevier, 2006; 637-649.

46. Grooters AM. Pythiosis, lagenidiosis, and zygomycosis in small ani­mals. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2003; 33: 695-720.

47. Grooters AM, Taboada J. Update on antifungal therapy. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2003; 33: 749-758.

48.

49. Stoye M. [Biology, pathogenicity, diagnosis and control of Ancylos- toma caninum]. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 1992; 99: 315-321.

50. Thompson RC. The zoonotic significance and molecular epidemi­ology of Giardia and giardiasis. Vet Parasitol 2004; 126: 15-35.

51. Marshall MM, Naumovitz D, Ortega Y et al. Waterborne protozoan pathogens. Clin Microbiol Rev 1997; 10: 67-85.

52. Zimmer JF, Burrington DB. Comparison of four techniques of fecal examination for detecting canine giardiasis. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1986; 22:161-167.

53. Dryden MW, Pane PA, Smith V. Accurate diagnosis of Giardia spp. and proper fecal examination procedures. Vet Ther 2006; 7: 4-14.

54. Jacobs SR, Forrester CP, Yang J. A survey of the prevalence of Giardia in dogs presented to Canadian veterinary practices. Can Vet J 2001; 42: 45-46.

55. Barutzki D, Schaper R. Endoparasites in dogs and cats in Germany 1999-2002. Parasitol Res 2003; 90 Suppl 3: S148-S150.

56. Papini R, Gorini G, Spaziani A et al. Survey on giardiasis in shelter dog populations. Vet Parasitol 2005; 128: 333-339.

57. Barr SC, Bowman DD, Heller RL. Efficacy of fenbendazole against giardiasis in dogs. Am J Vet Res 1994; 55: 988-990.

58. Barr SC, Bowman DD, Heller RL et al. Efficacy of albendazole against giardiasis in dogs. Am J Vet Res 1993; 54: 926-928.

59. Stokol T, Randolph JF, Nachbar S et al. Development of bone mar­row toxicosis after albendazole administration in a dog and cat.J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997; 210: 1753-1756.

60. Scorza AV, Lappin MR. Metronidazole for the treatment of feline giardiasis. J Feline Med Surg 2004; 6: 157-160.

61. Keith CL, Radecki SV, Lappin MR. Evaluation of fenbendazole for treatment of Giardia infection in cats concurrently infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. Am J Vet Res 2003; 64: 1027-1029.

62. Olson ME, Morck DW, Ceri H. Preliminary data on the efficacy of a Giardia vaccine in puppies.

63. Olson ME, Morck DW, Ceri H. The efficacy of a Giardia lamblia vaccine in kittens. Can J Vet Res 1996; 60: 249-256.

64. Chappell CL, Okhuysen PC. Cryptosporidiosis. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2002;15: 523-527.

65. McReynolds CA, Lappin MR, Ungar B et al. Regional seropreva­lence of Cryptosporidium parvum-specific IgG of cats in the United States. Vet Parasitol 1999; 80: 187-195.

66. Lindsay DJ, Zajac AM. Cryptosporidium infections in cats and dogs. Compend Cont Educ Pract Vet 2004; 864-874.

67. Marks SL, Hanson TE, Melli AC. Comparison of direct immuno­fluorescence, modified acid-fast staining, and enzyme immunoassay techniques for detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in naturally exposed kittens. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2004; 225: 1549-1553.

68. Scorza AV, Brewer MM, Lappin MR. Polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in cat feces. J Parasitol 2003; 89: 423-426.

69. Gookin JL, Levy MG, Law JM et al. Experimental infection of cats with Tritrichomonas foetus. Am J Vet Res 2001; 62: 1690-1697.

70. Gookin JL, Riviere JE, Gilger BC et al. Acute renal failure in four cats treated with paromomycin. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999; 215: 1821­1823.

71. Lindsay DS, Dubey JP, Blagburn BL. Biology of Isospora spp. from humans, nonhuman primates, and domestic animals. Clin Microbiol Rev 1997; 10: 19-34.

72. Kirkpatrick CE, Dubey JP. Enteric coccidial infections. Isospora, Sar- cocystis, Cryptosporidium, Besnoitia, and Hammondia. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1987; 17: 1405-1420.

73. Lloyd S, Smith J. Activity of toltrazuril and diclazuril against Isospora species in kittens and puppies. Vet Rec 2001; 148: 509-511.

74. Patsikas MN, Jakovljevic S, Moustardas N et al. Ultrasonographic signs of intestinal intussusception associated with acute enteritis or gastroenteritis in 19 young dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2003; 39: 57-66.

75. Junius G, Appledoorn AM, Schrauwen M. Mesenteric volvulus in the dog: a retrospective study of 12 cases.J Small Anim Pract 2004; 45: 104-107.

76. Yanoff SR, Willard MD. Short bowel syndrome in dogs and cats. Semin Vet Med Surg Small Anim 1989; 4: 226-231.

77. Cave TA, Knottenbelt C, Mellor DJ et al. Outbreak of dysautonomia (Key-Gaskell syndrome) in a closed colony of pet cats. Vet Rec 2003; 153:387-392.

78. DiBartola S. Fluid Therapy in Small Animal Practice. St. Louis, MO, Saunders Elsevier, 2000; 271-277.

79. Washabau RJ. Gastrointestinal motility disorders and gastrointestinal prokinetic therapy. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2003; 33: 1007-1028.

5.3.8