CELLS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
The nervous system comprises various types of cells, each with specialized functions. The two important types are neurons and microglia.
1. Neurons: Neurons are the primary functional units of the nervous system, responsible for transmitting electrical impulses and processing information.
They consist of a cell body (soma), dendrites (which receive signals from other neurons), and an axon (which transmits signals to other neurons, muscles, or glands).2. Glial Cells: Glial cells, also known as neuroglia or glia, provide support and protection to neurons. There are several types of glial cells, like astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia and ependymal which work together to ensure the proper functioning of the nervous system, facilitating communication, and maintaining homeostasis.
8.5
Source:
Rana Tanmoy (ed.). Principles of Veterinary Animal Physiology. CRC Press,2026. — 290 p.. 2026
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