PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. Particles greater than 5 μm in diameter are deposited in the respiratory tract by:
a. Inertial deposition in small airways
b. Sedimentation in airways
c. Diffusion in the alveoli
d.
Inertial deposition in large airwayse. Sedimentation in the alveoli
2. The mucociliary system:
a. Consists of a gel layer in which cilia beat, overlaid by a sol layer that entraps particles.
b. Is restricted to the nasal cavity and trachea and does not extend into the bronchi.
c. Consists in part of mucus produced by goblet cells in the respiratory bronchioles and by Clara cells in the trachea.
d. Has a more rapid transport rate in the trachea than in the bronchioles.
e. Lacks ciliated cells in the bronchioles, so mucus must be pulled into the larger airways by viscous drag.
3. Phagocytosis of inhaled particles:
a. Is generally by type II alveolar cells.
b. Can always be accomplished by alveolar macrophages.
c. Sometimes requires both macrophages and neutrophils.
d. Is accentuated by alveolar hypoxia.
e. Both c and d.
4. Movement of fluid between the pulmonary capillaries and lung lymphatic vessels:
a. Does not occur in a normal animal.
b. Is accentuated by an increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure.
c. Is accentuated by an increase in capillary oncotic pressure.
d. Occurs by way of the alveolar surface.
e. Both b and d.
5. Which of the following occurs as a result of enzymes localized on the pulmonary endothelium?
a. Conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
b. Conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1
c. Release of renin
d. Conversion of renin to angiotensin II
e. None of the above