ribosomes
The Ribosome was discovered by Robinson and Brown (1953) in plant cells of bean roots and by Palade in animal cells. Ribosomes are the smallest dot-like cell organelles with a diameter of 15 nm.
They are also known as the “organelle within an organelle” and the “protein factory of the cell.” Ribosomes are granular and small dot-like structures. Ribosomes are the smallest cell organelles found in all types of cells (except mature mammalian RBCs). Ribosomes are concerned with protein synthesis in the cell. Ribosomes are scattered in the cytoplasm and attached to the endoplasmic reticulum and outer nuclear membrane.They are found in large numbers in protein-synthesizing cells. Ribosomes are composed of 35% proteins (ribonucleoprotein) and 65% ribonucleic acid (rRNA). Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the RNA found in ribosomes. Each ribosome is composed of two subunits, i.e., larger and smaller subunits. Magnesium ion is essential for binding the ribosome subunits.
2.11.1 Function
The main function of a ribosome is protein synthesis, thus called the protein factory or cell engine.
2.12
Source:
Rana Tanmoy (ed.). Principles of Veterinary Animal Physiology. CRC Press,2026. — 290 p.. 2026
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