Introduction
West Nile virus (WNV) is a member of the genus Flavivirus within the Flaviviridae family. Widespread Culex mosquitoes transmit WNV
About 80% of human infections with WNV are asymptomatic [32].
Around 20% of infections with WNV present as febrile syndrome and less than 1% manifest as neuroinvasive disease such as encephalitis, meningitis, or polio-like paralysis [35].First in 2015, a few probable WNV human cases appeared in Bulgaria. Then, one confirmed WNV neuroinvasive infection was described [36]. The causative strain belonged to WNV lineage 2, closely related to Greek strains that caused the largest outbreak of WNV in Europe 2010-2013 [37] and also close to the WNV that caused outbreak in Hungary in 2008, when the WNV lineage 2 emerged for the first time outside Africa [38].
4.2
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