The NeuroMap: The spinal cord

Lesion localisation along the spinal cord follows the same principles as described earlier. If there is a lesion in a particular area, the NeuroMap of the spinal cord allows the clinician to see which neurological functions could be affected and which neurological functions would not be affected (Fig. 13.15).

If the lesion is constrained to the spinal cord, then the cranial nerves, arousal and behaviour will be normal, indicating that the lesion is not intracranial. From this map, Table 13.5 is generated. Note that UMN signs occur when upper (central) motor neurons are lost, whereas LMN signs occur when lower (peripheral) motor neurons are lost. UMN and LMN signs are differentiated by the Neuro RAT (Reflexes, Atrophy, Tone) (see Fig. 5.6).