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VOCABULARY

This chapter is unusual in that it contains a large num­ber of vocabulary words that are specialized for cancer and related topics, words that generally will not be used in later chapters.

You should be familiar with these vocabulary words, and you should be able to define them and stale their role in normal cells, and whether and how they differ in cancer cells.

anchorage dependence of growth

aneuploidy

angiogenesis

apoptosis (intrinsic pathway and extrinsic pathway)

Bcl family

cachexia

caspase(s) (activating and executioner)

cell cycle (G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, M phase) checkpoint

cyclin

cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) extravasation

gain-of-function mutation

germ line

intravasation

loss-of-function mutation

MAP kinase pathway

MDR phenotype

metastasis

metastatic cascade

oncogenes

p53 primary tumor Ras

retinoblastoma (pRB) somatic cells

somatic mutation

stem cells telomerase telomeres tumor suppressor Vasculogenesis VEGF

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Source: Cunningham J.G., Klein B.G.. Textbook of Veterinary Physiology. Elsevier Health Sciences,2007. — 720 ð.. 2007

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