REFERENCES
The complete list of references can be found at www.expertconsult.com.
REFERENCES
1. Slusher SH: Infertility and diseases of the reproductive tract of stallions. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, ed 1, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, Saunders, pp 16-23.
2. Barth AD: Evaluation of potential breeding soundess of the bull. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, ed 1, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, Saunders, pp 222-236.
3. Kimberling CV, Marsh DJ: Breeding soundness evaluation and surgical sterilization of the ram. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, ed 1, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, Saunders, pp 575-584.
4. Hopkins FM: Diseases of the reproductive system of the bull. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, ed 1, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, Saunders, pp 237-239.
5. Ott RS: Breeding soundness examination of bulls. In Morrow DA, editor: Current therapy in theriogenology: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of reproductive diseases in small and large animals, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1986, Saunders, pp 125-136.
6. Chenoweth PJ: Libido testing. In Morrow DA, editor: Current therapy in theriogenology: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of reproductive diseases in small and large animals, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1986, Saunders, pp 136-142.
7. Barrier Battut I, Kempfer A, Becker J, et al: Development of a new fertility prediction model for stallion semen, including flow cytometry, Theriogenology 86(4):1111-1131, 2016.
8. Barrier Battut I, Kempfer A, Lemasson N, et al: Prediction of the fertility of stallion frozen-thawed semen using a combination of computer-assisted motility analysis, microscopical observation and flow cytometry, Theriogenol- ogy 97(1):186-200, 2017.
9. Chenoweth PJ, Spitzer JC, Hopkins FM: A new bull breeding soundness evaluation form, pp 63-70.
Proceedings of the Annual Meeting for the Society of Theriogenology, Aug. 14-15, San Antonio, TX. 1992.10. Ott RS, Memon MA: Sheep and goat manual, Hastings, NE, 1980, Society for Theriogenology.
11. Kenney RM, Bielanski W: Society for theriogenology manual for clinicalfertility evaluation of the stallion, Hastings, NE, 1983, Society for Theriogenology.
12. Blanchard TL: Stallion genital tract pathology, Proceedings of the Annual Meeting for the Society for Theriogenology, Sept 16-18, Austin, TX.
1987.
13. Memon MA, Dawson LJ, Usenik EA, et al: Preputial injuries in beef bulls—172 cases (1980-1985), J Am Vet Med Assoc 193:481, 1988.
14. Bruere AN: Examination of the ram for breeding soundness. In Morrow DA, editor: Current therapy in theriogenology: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of reproductive diseases in small and large animals, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1986, Saunders, p 873.
15. Love CC: Reproductive examination of the stallion: evaluation of potential breeding soundness. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, ed 2, St. Louis, MO, 2007, Saunders, pp 10-14.
16. Walker RL, Leamaster BR, Stellflug JN, et al: Association of age of ram with distribution of epididymal lesions and etiologic agent, J Am Vet Med Assoc 188:393, 1986.
17. Linhart RD, Parker WG: Seminal vesiculitis in bulls, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 10:1428, 1988.
18. Malmgren L, Sussemilch BI: Ultrasonography as a diagnostic-tool in a stallion with seminal vesiculitis—a case-report, Theriogenology 37:935, 1992.
19. Love CC: Examination of the male reproductive tract: evaluation of potential breeding soundness. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, Saunders, pp 12-15.
20. Roberts SJ: Veterinary obstetrics and genital diseases (theriogenology), Woodstock, VT, 1986, SJ. Roberts.
21. Ott RS: Current thinking on breeding soundness examination of bulls, pp 14. Proceedings of the Society for Theriogenology Annual Conference, Sept 16-18, Austin, TX.
1987.22. Senger PL: The estrus detection problem—new concepts, technologies, and possibilities, J Dairy Sci 77:2745, 1994.
23. Meadows C: Reproductive record analysis, Vet Clin North Am FoodAnim Pract 21:305, 2005.
24. Roelofs JB, van Eerdenburg FJCM, Soede NM, et al: Pedometer readings for estrous detection and as predictor for time of ovulation in dairy cattle, Theriogenology 64:1690, 2005.
25. Dobson H, Smith RF, Royal MD, et al: The high-producing dairy cow and its reproductive performance, Reprod Domest Anim 42:17, 2007.
26. Young IM: Endocrinology of chronic endometritis in the dairy-cow, Vet Rec 120:350, 1987.
27. Peter AT: An update on cystic ovarian degeneration in cattle, Reprod Domest Anim 39:1, 2004.
28. Santos JE, Thatcher WW, Chebel RC, et al: The effect of embryonic death rates in cattle on the efficacy of estrus synchronization programs, Anim Reprod Sci 82-83:513, 2004.
29. Morris LH, Fairles J, Chenier T, et al: Segmental aplasia of the left paramesonephric duct in the cow, Can Vet J 40:884, 1999.
30. Adams GP, Bosu WTK: Reproductive physiology of the nonpregnant mare—an overview and update, Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 4:161,
1988.
31. Hedberg Y, Dalin AM, Santesson M, et al: A preliminary study on the induction of dioestrous ovulation in the mare—a possible method for inducing prolonged luteal phase, Acta Vet Scand 48:12, 2006.
32. McCue PM, Squires EL: Persistent anovulatory follicles in the mare, Theriogenology 58:541, 2002.
33. McCue PM, Roser JF, Munro CJ, et al: Granulosa cell tumors of the equine ovary, Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 22:799, 2006.
34. LeBlanc MM, Causey RC: Clinical and subclinical endometritis in the mare: both threats to fertility, Reprod Domest Anim 44:10, 2009.
35. Davies TG: Turner’s syndrome (karyotype 63 xo) in a thoroughbred mare, Equine Vet Educ 7:15, 1995.
36. Vanderwall DK, Rasmussen DM, Woods GL: Effect of repeated administration of oxytocin during diestrus on duration of function of corpora lutea in mares, J Am Vet Med Assoc 231:1864, 2007.
37. Ortavant R, Bocquier F, Pelletier J, et al: Seasonality of reproduction in sheep and its control by photoperiod, Aust J Biol Sci 41:69, 1988.
38. Diskin MG, Sreenan JM: Expression and detection of oestrus in cattle, Reprod Nutr Dev 40:481, 2000.
39. Padula AM: The freemartin syndrome: an update, Anim Reprod Sci 87:93,
2005.
40. Farin PW, Estill CT: Infertility due to abnormalities of the ovaries in cattle, Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 9:291, 1993.
41. Chagas LM, Bass JJ, Blache D, et al: New perspectives on the roles of nutrition and metabolic priorities in the subfertility of high-producing dairy cows, J Dairy Sci 90:4022, 2007.
42. Hanzen C: Endocrine regulation of postpartum ovarian activity in cattle—a review, Reprod Nutr Dev 26:1219, 1986.
43. Crabtree JR, Chang Y, de Mestre AM: Clinical presentation, treatment and possible causes of persistent endometrial cups illustrated by two cases, Equine Vet Educ 24:251, 2012.
44. Vighio GH, Liptrap RM, Etherington WG: Oxytocin-prostaglandin interrelationships in the cow with pyometra, Theriogenology 35:1121, 1991.
45. Haasjes CH: A mummified foetus in a heifer, Can J Comp Med 2:314, 1938.
46. Johnson CA, Thompson DLJ, Kulinski KM, et al: Prolonged interovulatory interval and hormonal changes in mares following the use of ovuplant to hasten ovulation, J Equine Vet Sci 20:331, 2000.
47. Zemjanis R: “Repeat-breeding” or conception failure in cattle. In Morrow DA, editor: Current therapy in theriogenology: diagnosis, treatment and prevention of reproductive diseases in animals, Philadelphia, PA, 1980, WB Saunders, pp 205-213.
48. Roberts SJ: The repeat breeder cow. In Veterinary obstetrics and genital diseases (theriogenology), ed 3, Woodstock, VT, 1986, S.J. Roberts, pp 559-572.
49. Roberts SJ: Infertility, “repeat breeding,” early embryonic deaths and early fetal loss or early pregnancy wastage in mares. In Veterinary obstetrics and genital diseases (theriogenology), ed 3, Woodstock, VT, 1986, S.J.
Roberts, pp 625-627.50. Ball BA: Embryonic loss in mares—incidence, possible causes, and diagnostic considerations, Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 4:263, 1988.
51. Drost M, Thatcher WW: Heat-stress in dairy-cows—its effect on reproduction, Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 3:609, 1987.
52. Bage R, Gustafsson H, Larsson B, et al: Repeat breeding in dairy heifers: follicular dynamics and estrous cycle characteristics in relation to sexual hormone patterns, Theriogenology 57:2257, 2002.
53. Lopez-Gatius F, Yaniz JL, Santolaria P, et al: Reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows treated with cloprostenol at the time of insemination, Theriogenology 62:677, 2004.
54. Kharche SD, Srivastava SK: Dose dependent effect of GnRH analogue on pregnancy rate of repeat breeder crossbred cows, Anim Reprod Sci 99:196, 2007.
55. Bage R, Petyim S, Larsson B, et al: Oocyte competence in repeat-breeder heifers: effects of an optimized ovum pick-up schedule on expression of oestrus, follicular development and fertility, Reprod Fert Develop 15:115,
2003.
56. Totey SM, Pawshe CH, Rao KBCA: In vitro maturation of buffalo oocytes: role of insulin and its interaction with gonadotrophins, J Reprod Fertil 50:113, 1996.
57. Selvaraju S, Agarwal SK, Karche SD, et al: Fertility responses and hormonal profiles in repeat breeding cows treated with insulin, Anim Reprod Sci 73:141, 2002.
58. Katagiri S, Takahashi Y: Changes in EGF concentrations during estrous cycle in bovine endometrium and their alterations in repeat breeder cows, Theriogenology 62:103, 2004.
59. Katagiri S, Takahashi Y: Potential relationship between normalization of endometrial epidermal growth factor profile and restoration of fertility in repeat breeder cows, Anim Reprod Sci 95:54, 2006.
60. Roberts SJ: Duration of the gestation period. In Veterinary obstetrics and genital diseases (theriogenology), ed 3, Woodstock, VT, 1986, S.J. Roberts, p 107.
61. Villarroel A, Martino A, BonDurant RH, et al: Effect of post-insemination supplementation with prid on pregnancy in repeat-breeder holstein cows, Theriogenology 61:1513, 2004.
62. Hopkins SM: Bovine anestrus. In Morrow DA, editor: Current therapy in theriogenology: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of reproductive diseases in small and large animals, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1986, Saunders, pp 247-250.
63. Nachreiner RF: Laboratory endocrine diagnostic procedures in theriogenol- ogy. In Morrow DA, editor: Current therapy in theriogenology: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of reproductive diseases in small and large animals, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1986, Saunders, pp 17-20.
64. Tsang CPW: Plasma-levels of estrone sulfate, free estrogens and progesterone in pregnant ewe throughout gestation, Theriogenology 10: 97, 1978.
65. Roberts SJ: Gestation period—embryology, fetal membranes and placenta—teratology. In Veterinary obstetrics and genital diseases (theriogenology), ed 3, Woodstock, VT, 1986, S.J. Roberts, pp 38-50.
66. Ball BA: Embryonic death in mares. In McKinnon AO, Voss JL, editors: Equine reproduction, Philadelphia, PA, 1993, Lea & Febiger, pp 517-531.
67. Peters AR, Ball PJH: Reproduction in cattle, Oxford, UK, 1995, Blackwell Science Ltd.
68. Nancarrow CD: Embryonic mortality in the ewe and doe. In Zavy MT, Geisert RD, editors: Embryonic mortality in domestic species, Boca Raton, FL, 1994, CRC Press, pp 79-97.
69. BonDurant RH: Influence of infectious diseases on reproduction. In Cupps PT, editor: Reproduction in domestic animals, ed 4, San Diego, CA, 1991, Academic Press, p 637.
70. Pycock JF: Breeding management of the problem mare. In Samper JC, editor: Equine breeding management and artificial insemination, Philadelphia, PA, 2000, WB Saunders, pp 195-228.
71. Ball BA, Daels PF: Early pregnancy loss in mares: applications for progestin therapy. In Robinson NE, editor: Current therapy in equine medicine, ed 4, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, WB Saunders, pp 531-534.
72. Allen WR: Luteal deficiency and embryo mortality in the mare, Reprod Domest Anim 36:121, 2001.
73. Acland HM: Abortion in mares. In McKinnon AO, Voss JL, editors: Equine reproduction, Philadelphia, PA, 1993, Lea & Febiger, pp 554-562.
74. Miller RB: Bovine abortion. In Morrow DA, editor: Current therapy in theriogenology: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of reproductive diseases in small and large animals, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1986, Saunders, pp 291-300.
75. Del Piero F: Equine viral arteritis, Vet Pathol 37:287, 2000.
76. Morehead JP, Blanchard TL, Thompson JA, et al: Evaluation of early fetal losses on four equine farms in central Kentucky: 73 cases (2001), J Am Vet Med Assoc 220:1828, 2002.
77. Dwyer RM, Garber LP, Traub-Dargatz JL, et al: Case-control study of factors associated with excessive proportions of early fetal losses associated with mare reproductive loss syndrome in central Kentucky during 2001, J Am Vet Med Assoc 222:613, 2003.
78. Williams NM, Bolin DC, Donahue JM, et al: Gross and histopathological correlates of mare reproductive loss syndrome, pp 24-25. Proceedings of the First Workshop on Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome, Lexington, KY. 2003.
79. Christensen BW, Roberts JF, Pozor MA, et al: Nocardioform placentitis with isolation of amycolatopsis spp in a Florida-bred mare, J Am Vet Med Assoc 228(8):1234-1239, 2006.
80. Sebastian MM, Bernard WV, Riddle TW, et al: Review paper: mare reproductive loss syndrome, Vet Pathol 45(5):710-722, 2008.
81. Latimer C: Endophthalmitis: a syndrome associated with mare reproductive loss syndrome? p 27. Proceedings of the First Workshop on Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome, Lexington, KY. 2003.
82. Bolin DC, Donahue JM, Vickers ML, et al: Microbiologic and pathologic findings in an epidemic of equine pericarditis, J Vet Diagn Invest 17:38, 2005.
83. Hong CB, Donahue JM, Giles RCJ, et al: Etiology and pathology of equine placentitis, J Vet Diagn Invest 5:56, 1993.
84. Labeda DP, Donahue JM, Williams NM, et al: Amycolatopsis kentuckyensis sp. Nov., amycolatopsis lexingtonensis sp. Nov. and Amycolatopsis pretoriensis sp. Nov., isolated from equine placentas, Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:1601, 2003.
85. Canisso IF, Ball BA, Erol E, et al: Attempts to induce nocardioform placentitis (crosiella equi) experimentally in mares. Eq, Vet J 47:91-95, 2015.
86. Donahue JM, Smith BJ, Redmon KJ, et al: Diagnosis and prevalence of leptospira infection in aborted and stillborn horses, J Vet Diagn Invest 3:148, 1991.
87. Sheoran AS, Nally JE, Donahue JM, et al: Antibody isotypes in sera of equine fetuses aborted due to leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona-type kennewicki infections, Vet Immunopathol 77:301-309, 2000.
88. Erol E, Jackson CB, Steinman M, et al: A diagnostic evaluation of real-time PCR, fluorescent antibody and microscopic agglutination tests in cases of equine leptospiral abortion. Eq, Vet J 47:171-174, 2015.
89. Kirkbride CA: Laboratory diagnosis of abortion in food animals: a special report of the committee on fetal and placental diseases of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Madison, WI, 1984, The Association.
90. Yaeger M, Holler CD: Bacterial causes of bovine infertility and abortion. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, ed 1, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, Saunders, pp 364-372.
91. Abbitt B: Protozoal abortion in cattle. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, ed 1, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, Saunders.
92. BonDurant RH, Anderson ML: Epizootic bovine abortion. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, ed 1, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, Saunders.
93. King DP, Chen CI, Blanchard MT, et al: Molecular identification of a novel deltaproteobacterium as the etiologic agent of epizootic bovine abortion (foothill abortion), J Clin Microbiol 43:604, 2005.
94. Brooks RS, Blanchard MT, Clothier KA, et al: Characterization of pajaroellobacter abortibovis, the ethiologic agent of epizootic bovine abortion, Vet Microbiol 192:73-80, 2016.
95. East NE: Pregnancy toxemia, abortions, and periparturient diseases, Vet Clin North Am Large Anim Pract 5:601, 1983.
96. East NE: Chlamydiosis. In Morrow DA, editor: Current therapy in the- riogenology: diagnosis, treatment and prevention of reproductive diseases in animals, Philadelphia, PA, 1986, WB Saunders, pp 603-604.
97. Menzies PI, Miller R: Abortion in sheep: diagnosis and control. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, ed 1, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, Saunders, pp 617-627.
98. Schwabe CW, Riemann H, Franti CE: Epidemiology in veterinary practice, Philadelphia, PA, 1977, Lea & Febiger.
99. Miller RB: Evaluation of the equine and bovine placenta: lesions vs. nonlesions, pp 39-44. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Society for Theriogenology, Jacksonville, FL. 1993.
100. Burns JC, Chamblee DS: Adaptation. In Buckner RC, Bush LP, editors: Chapter 2 in tall fescue, Agron monogr 20, Madison, WI, 1979, ASA, CSSA, SSSA.
101. Hannaway DB, West CP, Volenec JJ, et al: Development of suitability maps with examples for the United States and China. In Fribourg HA, Hannaway DB, West CP, editors: Chapter 3 in tall fescue for the Twenty-first century, Agron monogr 53, Madison, WI, USA, 2009, ASA, CSSA, SSSA.
102. Bacon CW, Porter JK, Robbins JD, et al: Epichloe typhina from toxic tall fescue grasses, Appl Environ Microbiol 34:576, 1977.
103. Bush LP, Fannin FFN: Alkaloids. In Fribourg HA, Hannaway DB, West CP, editors: Chapter 13 in tall fescue for the Twenty-first century, Agron monogr 53, Madison, WI, USA, 2009, ASA, CSSA, SSSA.
104. Strickland JR, Spiers DE, Fletcher LR, et al: Physioloical basis of fescue toxicosis. In Fribourg HA, Hannaway DB, West CP, editors: Chapter 12 in tall fescue for the Twenty-first century, Agron monogrs 53, Madison, WI, USA, 2009, ASA, CSSA, SSSA.
105. Fletcher LR: Managing ryegrass-endophyte toxicoses. In Roberts CA, West CP, Spiers DE, editors: Neotyphodium in cool-season grasses, Ames, IA, USA, 2007, Blackwell.
106. Cheeke PR: Endogenous toxins and mycotoxins in forage grasses and their effects on livestock, J Anim Sci 73:909, 1995.
107. Evans TJ: The endocrine disruptive effects of ergopeptine alkaloids on pregnant mares, Vet Clin Equine 27:165, 2011.
108. Fribourg HA, Hannaway DB, West CP, editors: Tallfescue for the Twenty-first century. Agron monogr 53, Madison, WI, USA, 2009, ASA, CSSA, SSSA.
109. Monroe JL, Cross DL, Hudson LW, et al: Effect of selenium and endophyte- contaminated fescue on performance and reproduction in mares, J Equine Vet Sci 8:148, 1988.
110. Oliver JW: Physiological manifestations of endophyte toxicosis in ruminant and laboratory species. In Bacon CW, Hill NS, editors: Chapter 56 in Neotyphodium/grass interactions, New York, 1997, Plenum Press.
111. Strickland JR, Oliver JW, Cross DL: Fescue toxicosis and its impact on animal agriculture, Vet Hum Toxicol 35:454, 1993.
112. Strickland JR, Looper ML, Matthews JC, et al: Board-Invited Review: St. Anthony’s fire in livestock: causes, mechanisms, and potential solutions, J Anim Sci 89:2011, 1603.
113. Cross DL, Redmond LM, Strickland JR: Equine fescue toxicosis: signs and solutions, J Anim Sci 73:899, 1995.
114. Ben-Jonathan N, Hnasko R: Dopamine as a prolactin (PRL) inhibitor, Endocr Rev 22:724, 2001.
115. King SS, Campbell AG, Dille EA, et al: Dopamine receptors in equine ovarian tissues, Dom Anim Endo 28:405, 2005.
116. Kotwica J, Skarzynski D, Bogacki M, et al: Influence of dopamine as noradrenaline precursor on the secretory function of the bovine corpus luteum in vitro, Br J Pharm 118:1669, 1996.
117. Aiken GE, Kirch BH, Strickland JR, et al: Hemodynamic responses of the caudal artery to toxic tall fescue in beef heifers, J Anim Sci 85:2337, 2007.
118. Klotz JL, Bush LP, Smith DL, et al: Ergovaline-induced vasoconstriction in an isolated bovine lateral saphenous vein bioassay, J Anim Sci 85:2330, 2007.
119. Solomons RJ, Oliver JW, Linnabary RD: Reactivity of dorsal pedal vein of cattle to selected alkaloids associated with acremonium coenophialum- infected fescue grass, Am J Vet Res 50:235, 1989.
120. Aiken GE, John A, Britt JL, et al: Vasoconstrictive responses of the carotid artery in pregnant ewes to ergot alkaloid exposure, J Anim Sci 95:236, 2017.
121. Klotz JL, Miller MF, Britt JL, et al: Effects of ergot alkaloid exposure during gestation on maternal and fetal vasoactivity in sheep, J Anim Sci 95:236-237, 2017.
122. Aiken GE, Flythe MD, Kagan IA, et al: Mitigation of ergot vasoconstriction by clover isoflavones in goats (capra hircus), Front Vet Sci 3:1, 2016.
123. Abney LK, Oliver JW, Reinemeyer CR: Vasoconstrictive effects of tall fescue alkaloids on equine vasculature, J Equine Vet Sci 13:334, 1993.
124. Hestad DA: Ingestion of Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Seed Induces Peripheral Vasoconstriction But Does Not Affect Cyclicity in Non-Pregnant Mares, and a Population of Biogenic Amine Receptors Relative to Vasoconsctriciton is Identified. MS Thesis, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 2012 USA. https:// uknowledge.uky.edu/gluck_etds/2.
125. Klotz JL, McDowell KJ: Tall fescue ergot alkaloids are vasoactive in equine vasculature, J Anim Sci 95:5151, 2017.
126. McDowell KJ, Moore ES, Parks AG, et al: Vasoconstriction in horses caused by endophyte-infected tall fescue seed is detected with doppler ultrasonography, J Anim Sci 91:1677, 2013.
127. Putnam MR, Bransby DI, Schumacher J, et al: Effects of the fungal endophyte acremonium coenophialum in fescue on pregnant mares and foal viability, Am J Vet Res 52:2071, 1991.
128. Boosinger TR, Brendemuehl JP, Bransby DL, et al: Prolonged gestation, decreased triiodothyronine concentration, and thyroid gland histomor- phologic features in newborn foals of mares grazing acremonion coeno- phialum-infected fescue, Am J Vet Res 56:66, 1995.
129. Capuco AV, Akers RM: The origin and evolution of lactation, J Biol 2009.
130. Chandrashekar V, Bartke A: Influence of endogenous prolactin on the luteinizing hormone stimulation of testicular steroidogenesis and the role of prolactin in adult male rats, Steroids 51:559, 1988.
131. McNeilly AS, Glasier A, Jonassen J, et al: Evidence for direct inhibition of ovarian function by prolactin, J Reprod Fert 65:559, 1982.
132. Craven AJ, Ormandy CJ, Robertson FG, et al: Prolactin signaling influences the timing mechanism of the hair follicle: analysis of hair growth cycles in prolactin receptor knockout mice, Endocrinology 142:2533, 2001.
133. Mendelsonv CR, Boggaram V: Hormonal control of the surfactant system in fetal lung, Annu Rev Physiol 53:415, 1991.
134. Vivrette S: The endocrinolgoy of parturition in the mare, Vet Clin N A Eq Practice 10:1, 1994.
135. Ryan PL, Benett-Wimbush K, Vaala WE, et al: Systemic relaxin in pregnant pony mares grazed on endophyte-infected fescue: effects of fluphenazine treatment, Theriogenology 56:471, 2001.
136. Ousey JC: Peripartal endocrinology in the mare and foetus, Reprod Dom Anim 39:222, 2004.
137. Brendemuehl JP, Williams MA, Boosinger TR, et al: Plasma porgestagen, tri-iodothryonine, and cortisol concentrations in postdate gestation foals exposed in utero to the tall fescue Acremonium coenophialum, Biol Reprod Monograph 1:53, 1995.
138. Youngblood RC, Filipov NM, Rude BJ, et al: Effects of short-term early gestational exposure to endophyte-infected tall fescue diets on plasma 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid and fetal development in mares, J Anim Sci 82:2919, 2004.
139. Bouton JH, Latch GCM, Hill NS, et al: Reinfection of tall Fescue cultivars with non-ergot alkaloid-producing endophytes, Agron Journal 94:567, 2002.
140. Johnson JM, Aiken GE, Phillips TD, et al: Steer and pasture responses for a novel endophyte tall fescue developed for the upper transition zone, J Anim Sci 90:2402, 2012.
141. Arns MJ, Pruitt JA, Sharp C: Influence of endophyte-infected tall fescue seed consumption on the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in mares, The Professional Animal Scientist 13:118, 1997.
142. Brendemuehl JP, Boosinger TR, Pugh DG, et al: Influence of endophyte- infected tall fescue on cyclicity, pregnancy rate and early embryonic loss in the mare, Theriogenology 42:489, 1994.
143. Jones KL, King SS, Griswold KE, et al: Domperidone can ameliorate deleterious reproductive effects and reduced weight gain associated with fescue toxicosis in heifers, J Anim Sci 81:2568, 2003.
144. Jones KL, King SS: Effect of domperidone supplementation of fescue-fed heifers on plasma and follicular fluid fatty acid composition and oocyte quality, J Anim Sci 87:2227, 2009.
145. Cross DL, Reinemeyer CR, Prado JC, et al: Efficacy of domperidone gel in an induced model of fescue toxicosis in periparturient mares, Theriogenology 78:1361, 2012.
146. Jones KL, Schulze JL, Strickland JR, et al: Evaluation of domperidone dosages and delivery methods for the treatment of fescue toxicosis in beef heifers, Prof Anim Sci 24:342, 2008.
147. Moore ES, Parks AG, Lawrence LM, et al: Endophyte infected fescue seed causes vasoconstriction in horses as measured by doppler ultrasonography, J Anim Sci 86(Suppl 2):403, 2008.
148. Klotz JL, McDowell KJ: Tall fescue alkaloids are vasoactive in equine vasculature, J Anim Sci 95:5151, 2017.
149. Acosta TJ, Yoshizawa N, Ohtani M, et al: Local changes in blood flow within the early and midcycle corpus luteum after prostaglandin f2α injection in the cow, Biol Reprod 66:651, 2002.
150. Smith SR, Schwer L, Keene TC: Tall fescue toxicity for horses: literature reveiw and Kentucky’s successful pasture evaluation program. Plant Management Network, Forage and Grazinglands, November 2009.
151. Aiken GE, Strickland JR, Looper ML, et al: Hemodynamics are altered in the caudal artery of beef heifers fed different ergot alkaloid concentrations, J Anim Sci 87:2142, 2009.
152. Klotz JL, Kirch BH, Aiken GE, et al: Effects of selected combinations of tall fescue alkaloids on the vasoconstrictive capacity of fescue-naive bovine lateral saphenous veins, J Anim Sci 86:1021, 2008.
153. Oliver JW, Abney LK, Strickland JR, et al: Vasoconstriction in bovine vasculature induced by the tall fescue alkaloid lysergamide, J Anim Sci 71:2708, 1993.
154. Aiken GE, Sutherland BL, Fletcher LR: Haemodynamics of lambs grazing perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) either infected with AR6 novel, wild-type endophyte, or endophyte-free, New Zealand Vet J 59:179, 2011.
155. Porter JK, Thompson FN, Jr: Effects of fescue toxicosis on reproduction in livestock, J Anim Sci 70:1594, 1992.
156. Looper ML, Rorie RW, Person CN, et al: Influence of toxic endophyte- infected fescue on sperm characteristics and endocrine factors of yearling Brahman-influenced bulls, J Anim Sci 87:1184, 2009.
157. Looper ML, Reiter ST, Williamson BC, et al: Effects of body condition on measures of intramuscular and rump fat, endocrine factors, and calving rate of beef cows grazing common bermudagrass or endophyte-infected tall fescue, J Anim Sci 88:4133, 2010.
158. Paterson J, Forcherio C, Larson B, et al: The effects of fescue toxicosis on beef cattle productivity, J Anim Sci 73:889, 1995.
159. Gay N, Boling JA, Dew R, et al: Effects of endophyte-infected tall fescue on beef cow-calf performance, Appl Agric Res 3:182, 1988.
160. Brown MA, Brown AH, Jackson WG, et al: Genotype x environment interactions in angus, Brahman, and reciprocal-cross cows and their calves grazing common bermudagrass, endophyte-infected tall fescue pastures, or both forages, J Anim Sci 78:546, 2000.
161. Burke JM, Spiers DE, Kojima FN, et al: Interaction of endophyte-infected fescue and heat stress on ovarian function in the beef heifer, Biol Reprod 65:260, 2001.
162. Mahmood T, Ott RS, Foley GL, et al: Growth and ovarian function of weanling and yearling beef heifers grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue pastures, Theriogenology 42:1149, 1994.
163. Burke JM, Bishop C, Stormshak F: Reproductive characteristics of endophyte-infected or novel tall fescue fed ewes, Livestock Science 104:103,
2006.
164. Burke JM, Coleman SW, Chase CC, et al: Interaction of breed type and endophyte-infected tall fescue on milk production and quality in beef cattle, J Anim Sci 88:2802, 2010.
165. Qing L, Hegge R, Bridges PJ, et al: Pituitary genomic expression profiles of steers are altered by grazing of high vs. low endophyte-infected tall fescue forages, PLoS ONE 12:1, 2017.
166. Xue Y, Liao SF, Strickland JR, et al: Bovine neuronal vesicular glutamate transporter activity is inhibited by ergovaline and other ergopeptines, J Dairy Sci 94:3331, 2011.
167. Liao SF, Boling JA, Matthews JC: Gene expression profiling indicates an increased capacity for proline, serine, and ATP synthesis and mitochondrial mass by the liver of steers grazing high vs. low endophyte-infected tall fescue1, J Anim Sci 93:5659, 2015.
168. Wang H, Looper M, Johnson Z, et al: Involvement of signaling pathways in bovine sperm motility, and effect of ergot alkaloids, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Animal 45:483, 2009.
169. Schuenemann GM, Edwards JL, Hopkins FM, et al: Fertility aspects in yearling beef bulls grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue pastures, Reprod, Fertiy and Devt 17:479, 2005.
170. Jones KL, McCleary CR, King SS, et al: Case study: consumption of toxic fescue impairs bull reproductive parameters, Prof AnimSci 20:437,
2004.
171. Aiken GE, Burns MG, Stowe HM, et al: Vasoconstrictive responses of the testicular and caudal arteries in bulls exposed to ergot alkaloids from tall fescue, Prof Anim Sci 31:130, 2015.
172. Fayrer-Hosken R, Stanley A, Hill N, et al: Effect of feeding fescue seed containing ergot alkaloid toxins on stallion spermatogenesis and sperm cells, Reprod Dom Anim 47:1017, 2012.
173. Aiken GE, Strickland JR: Forages and Pastures Symposium: managing the tall fescu-fungal endophyte symbiosis for optimum forage-animal production, J Anim Sci 91:2369, 2013.
174. Cross DL: Fescue toxicosis. In McKinnon AO, Squires EL, Vaala WE, et al, editors: Chapter 249 in equine reproduction, ed 2, Ames, IA, USA, 2011, Wiley-Blackwell.
175. Aiken GE, Goff BM, Witt WW, et al: Steer and plant responses to chemical suppression of seedhead emergence in toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue, Crop Sci 52:960, 2012.
176. Jennings K: Association of genotype at DRD2 with growth and reproductive performance traits in bulls grazing toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue. MS Thesis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 2016. http://trace. tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/404.
177. Campbell BT, Kojima CJ, Cooper TA, et al: A single nucleotide polymorphism in the dopamine receptor d2 gene may be informative for resistance to fescue toxicosis in angus-based cattle, Anim Biotech 25:1, 2014.
178. van Dongen PWJ, de Groot ANJA: History of ergot alkaloids from ergotism to ergometrine, Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 60: 109, 1995.
179. Schiff PL: Ergot and its alkaloids, Am J Vet Res 70:98, 2006.
180. Boosinger TR, Brendemuehl JP, Schumacher J, et al: Effects of short-term exposure to and removal from the fescue endophyte Acremonium coeno- phialum on pregnant mares and foal viability. In Sharp DC, Bazer FW, editors: Equine reproduction, ed 6, Madison, WI, 1995, Society for the Study of Reproduction, pp 61-67.
181. Ireland FA, Loch WE, Worthy K, et al: Effects of bromocriptine and perphenazine on prolactin and progesterone concentrations in pregnant pony mares during late gestation, J Reprod Fertil 92:179, 1991.
182. Ryan P, Bagnell CA: Effects of fescue toxicoses and fluphenazine on relaxin concentrations in pregnant pony mares, pp 60-61. Proceedings of the 44th Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners, Dec. 6-9, Baltimore, MD. 1998.
183. Redmond LM, Cross DL, Strickland JR, et al: Efficacy of domperidone and sulpiride as treatments for fescue toxicosis in horses, Am J Vet Res 55:722, 1994.
184. Evans TJ, Youngquist RS, Loch WE, et al: A comparison of the relative efficacies of domperidone and reserpine in treating equine “fescue toxicosis,” pp 207-209. Proceedings of the 45th Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners, Dec. 5-8, Albuquerque, NM. 1999.
185. Cross DL, Anas K, Bridges WC, et al: Clinical effects of domperidone on fescue toxicosis in pregnant mares, pp 203-206. Proceedings of the 45th Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners, Dec. 5-8, Albuquerque, NM. 1999.
186. Holm LW: Prolonged pregnancy. In Brandly CA, Cornelius CE, editors: Advances in veterinary science, (vol 11). New York, 1967, Academic Press, pp 159-205.
187. Drost M: Role of the fetus in prolonged gestation in the cow, pp 132. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting for the Society for Theriogenology, Sept 14, Mobile, Alabama. 1979.
188. Rossdale PD, Ricketts SW: The practice of equine stud medicine, London, 1974, B. Tindall.
189. Smith MC: Clinical reproductive anatomy and physiology of the doe. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, Saunders, pp 505-507.
190. Osburn BI, Kennedy PC: Abortion, prenatal disease and fetal infections. In Howard JL, editor: Current veterinary therapy: food animal practice, Philadelphia, PA, 1981, Saunders, pp 997-1003.
191. Kruip TAM, denDaas JHG: In vitro produced and cloned embryos: effects on pregnancy, parturition and offspring, Theriogenology 47:43, 1997.
192. Rerat M, Zbinden Y, Saner R, et al: In vitro embryo production: growth performance, feed efficiency, and hematological, metabolic, and endocrine status in calves, J Dairy Sci 88:2579, 2005.
193. Graves TK, Hansel W, Krook L: Prolonged gestation in a holstein cow—adenohypophyseal aplasia and skeletal pathology in the offspring, Cornell Vet 81:277, 1991.
194. Callahan CJ, Fessler JF, Erb RE, et al: Prolonged gestation in a Holstein- friesian cow. Clinical and reproductive steroid studies, Cornell Vet 59:370, 1969.
195. Bousquet D, Blondin P: Potential uses of cloning in breeding schemes: dairy cattle, Cloning Stem Cells 6:190, 2004.
196. Tian XC, Kubota C, Enright B, et al: Cloning animals by somatic cell nuclear transfer—biological factors, Reprod BiolEndocrinol 1:98, 2003.
197. Oback B, Wells DN: Cloning cattle: the methods in the madness, Somat Cell Nucl Transfer 591:30, 2007.
198. Akagi S, Matsukawa K, Takahashi S: Factors affecting the development of somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos in cattle, J Reprod Devel 60(5):329-335, 2014.
199. Hillman RB: Induction of parturition. In Robinson NE, editor: Current therapy in equine medicine, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1987, WB Saunders, pp 533-537.
200. Carleton CL, Threlfall WR: Induction of parturition in the mare. In Morrow DA, editor: Current therapy in theriogenology: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of reproductive diseases in small and large animals, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1986, Saunders, pp 689-692.
201. Vandeplassche M: Obstetrician’s view of the physiology of equine parturition and dystocia, Equine Vet J 12:45, 1980.
202. Vandeplassche MM: Prepartum complications and dystocia. In Robinson NE, editor: Current therapy in equine medicine, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1987, WB Saunders, pp 537-542.
203. Adams-Brendemuehl C, Pipers FS: Antepartum evaluations of the equine fetus, J Reprod Fertil Suppl 35:565, 1987.
204. Adams-Brendemuehl C: Fetal assessment. In Koterba AM, Drummond WH, Kosch PC, editors: Equine clinical neonatology, Philadelphia, PA, 1990, Lea & Febiger, pp 16-33.
205. Santschi EM, LeBlanc MM, Matthews PM, et al: Evaluation of equine high-risk pregnancy, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 16(80):98, 1994.
206. Lofstedt RM: Miscellaneous diseases of pregnancy and parturition. In McKinnon AO, Voss JL, editors: Equine reproduction, Philadelphia, PA, 1993, Lea & Febiger, pp 596-603.
207. Rossdale PD, Ricketts SW: Equine studfarm medicine, London, 1980, Lea & Febiger.
208. Arthur GH, Noakes DE, Pearson H: Veterinary reproduction and obstetrics (theriogenology), London, 1982, Bailliere Tindall.
209. Brown W: Parturition and dystocia in the goat. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, WB Saunders.
210. Vandeplassche M: Dystocia. In McKinnon AO, Voss JL, editors: Equine reproduction, Philadelphia, PA, 1993, Lea & Febiger, pp 578-587.
211. Jeffcott LB, Rossdale PD: A radiographic study of the fetus in late pregnancy and during foaling, J Reprod Fertil Suppl 27:563, 1979.
212. Gibbs HM, III, Troedsson MHT: Effect of acepromazine, detomidine, and xylazine on myometrial activity in the mare. In Sharp DC, Bazer FW, editors: Equine reproduction, ed 6, Madison, WI, 1995, Society for the Study of Reproduction, pp 489-493.
213. LeBlanc MM, Norman WM: Sedation and anesthesia of the mare during obstetric manipulation, pp 619-622. Proceedings of the 38th Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners, Nov. 29-Dec. 2, 1992, Orlando, FL. 1992.
214. Gilbert RO, Schwark WS: Pharmacologic considerations in the management of peripartum conditions in the cow, Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 8:29-56, 1992.
215. Jedruch J, Gajewski Z: The effect of detomidine hydrochloride (domosedan) on the electrical activity of the uterus in cows, Acta Vet Scand Suppl 82:189, 1986.
216. Jedruch J, Gajewski Z, Kuussaari J: The effect of detomidine hydrochloride on the electrical activity of uterus in pregnant mares, Acta Vet Scand 30:307, 1989.
217. Grubb TL, Riebold TW, Huber MJ: Comparison of lidocaine, xylazine, and xylazine/lidocaine for caudal epidural analgesia in horses, J Am Vet Med Assoc 201:1187, 1992.
218. Schuijt G, Ball L: Delivery by forced extraction and other aspects of bovine obstetrics. In Morrow DA, editor: Current therapy in theriogenology: diagnosis, treatment and prevention of reproductive diseases in animals, Philadelphia, PA, 1980, WB Saunders, pp 247-257.
219. Mortimer RG, Toombs RE: Abnormal bovine parturition. Obstetrics and fetotomy, Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 9:323, 1993.
220. Blanchard TL, Martin MT, Varner DD, et al: Management of dystocia in mares: examination, obstetrical equipment, and vaginal delivery, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 11:745, 1989.
221. Bierschwal CJ, Bois CHW: The technique of fetotomy in large animals, Bonner Springs, KS, 1972, VM Publishing.
222. Hudson RS: Genital surgery of the cow. In Morrow DA, editor: Current therapy in theriogenology: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of reproductive diseases in small and large animals, Philadelphia, PA, 1986, Saunders, pp 341-352.
223. Campbell ME, Fubini SL: Indications and surgical approaches for cesarean section in cattle, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 12:285, 1990.
224. Taylor TS, Blanchard TL, Varner DD, et al: Management of dystocia in mares: uterine torsion and cesarean section, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 11:1265, 1989.
225. Vandeplassche M, Bouters R, Spincemaille J, et al: Caesarean section in the mare, pp 75-80. Proceedings of the American Association of Equine Practitioners, December 1977, Vancouver, British Columbia. 1977.
226. Stashak TS, Vandeplaasche MM: Cesarean section. In McKinnon AO, Voss JL, editors: Equine reproduction, Philadelphia, PA, 1993, Lea & Febiger, pp 437-443.
227. Juzwiak JS, Slone DEJ, Santschi EM, et al: Cesarean section in 19 mares. Results and postoperative fertility, Vet Surg 19:50, 1990.
228. Kersting K: Postpartum care of the cow and calf. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, WB Saunders, pp 324-329.
229. Zent WW: Postpartum complications. In Robinson NE, editor: Current therapy in equine medicine, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1987, WB Saunders, pp 428-431.
230. Blanchard TL, Varner DD, Scrutchfield WL, et al: Management of dystocia in mares: retained placenta, metritis, and laminitis, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 12:563, 1990.
231. Asbury AC, LeBlanc MM: The placenta. In Mckinnon AO, Voss JL, editors: Equine reproduction, Philadelphia, PA, 1993, Lea & Febiger.
232. Roberts SJ: Parturition. In Veterinary obstetrics and genital diseases (theriogenol- ogy), ed 3, Woodstock, VT, 1986, S.J. Roberts, pp 245-262.
233. Roberts SJ: The placenta. In Veterinary obstetrics and genital diseases (the- riogenology), ed 3, Woodstock, VT, 1986, S.J. Roberts, pp 44-49.
234. Vandeplassche M, Spincemaille J, Bouters R: Aetiology, pathogenesis and treatment of retained placenta in the mare, Equine Vet J 3:144, 1971.
235. Threlfall WR: Retained placenta. In McKinnon AO, Voss JL, editors: Equine reproduction, Philadelphia, PA, 1993, Lea & Febiger, pp 614-621.
236. Blanchard TL, Varner DD: Therapy for retained placenta in the mare, Vet Med 88:55, 1993.
237. Provencher R, Threlfall WR, Murdick PW, et al: Retained fetal membranes in the mare—a retrospective study, Can Vet J 29:903, 1988.
238. Arthur GH: Retention of the afterbirth in cattle: a review and commentary, Vet Annu 19:26, 1979.
239. Fahning ML: Retained fetal membranes. In Howard JL, editor: Current veterinary therapy 3: food animal practice, Philadelphia, PA, 1993, Saunders.
240. Eiler H: Retained placenta. In Youngquist RS, editor: Current therapy in large animal theriogenology, Philadelphia, PA, 1997, Saunders, pp 340-349.
241. Bretzlaff K: Physiology and pharmacology of the postpartum cow and retained fetal membranes, p 71. Proceedings of the 20th Annual Convention of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Nov. 10-13, Phoenix, AZ. 1988.
242. Franklin JS: Retained placenta, metritis, and pyometra. In Morrow DA, editor: Current therapy in theriogenology: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of reproductive diseases in small and large animals, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1986, Saunders, p 595.
243. Olson JD: The metritis-pyometra complex. In Morrow DA, editor: Current therapy in theriogenology: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of reproductive diseases in small and large animals, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1986, Saunders, pp 227-236.
244. Paisley LG, Mickelsen WD, Anderson PB: Mechanisms and therapy for retained fetal membranes and uterine infections of cows: a review, The- riogenology 25:353, 1986.
245. McClary D: Retained placenta. In Howard JL, editor: Current veterinary therapy: food animal practice, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1986, WB Saunders, pp 773-775.
246. Getty R, Rosenbaum CE, Ghoshal NG, et al: Sisson and Grossman' the anatomy of the domestic animals, Philadelphia, PA, 1975, Saunders.
247. Schmidt GH: Mammary gland development. In Schmidt GH, editor: Biology of lactation. WH Freeman & co, San Francisco, CA, 1971.
248. Speroff L, Glass RH, Kase NG: Clinical gynecologic endocrinology and infertility, Baltimore, 1973, Williams & Wilkins.
249. Salazar H, Tobon H: Morphologic changes of the mammary gland during development, pregnancy, and lactation. In Josimovich JP, editor: Lactogenic hormones, fetal nutrition, and lactation, New York, NY, 1974, Wiley & Sons, pp 221-277.
250. Heidrich HJ, Renk W: Diseases of the mammary glands of domestic animals, Philadelphia, PA, 1967, Saunders.
251. McDonald NR: Lactation in a calf, NZ Vet J 1:55, 1952.
252. Basrur PK: Congenital-abnormalities of the goat, Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 9:183, 1993.
253. Basrur PK, Yadav BR: Genetic-diseases of sheep and goats, Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 6:779, 1990.
254. Seahorn TL, Hall G, Brumbaugh GW, et al: Mammary adenocarcinoma in 4 mares, J Am Vet Med Assoc 200:1675, 1992.
255. Ford TS, Ross MW, Acland HM, et al: Primary teat neoplasia in two yearling heifers, J Am Vet Med Assoc 195:238, 1989.
256. Andreasen CB, Huber MJ, Mattoon JS: Unilateral Abroepithelial hyperplasia of the mammary-gland in a goat, J Am Vet Med Assoc 202:1279, 1993.
257. Snider GW, Brightenback GE, Siegmund OH: A new approach to edematous conditions of cattle, Can Vet J 3:150, 1962.
258. Vestweber JGE, Alani FK: Udder edema in cattle, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 5:S5, 1983.
259. East NE, Birnie EF: Diseases of the udder, Vet Clin North Am Large Anim Pract 5:591, 1983.
260. Porter JK, Thompson FN: Effects of fescue toxicosis on reproduction in livestock, J Anim Sci 70:1594, 1992.
261. McCue PM: Lactation. In McKinnon AO, Voss JL, editors: Equine reproduction, Philadelphia, PA, 1993, Lea & Febiger.
262. Smith MC, Roguinsky M: Mastitis and other diseases of goat udders, J Am Vet Med Assoc 171:1241, 1977.
263. Bloomquist C, Davidson JN, Pearson EG: Zearalenone toxicosis in prepubertal dairy heifers, J Am Vet Med Assoc 180:164, 1982.
264. Jeffcott LB: Passive transfer of immunity to foals. In Robinson NE, editor: Current therapy in equine medicine, ed 2, Philadelphia, PA, 1987, WB Saunders.
265. Lofstedt RM, Laarveld B, Ihle SL: Adrenal neoplasia causing lactation in a castrated male goat, J Vet Intern Med 8:382, 1994.
More on the topic REFERENCES:
- References
- REFERENCES
- REFERENCES
- REFERENCES
- CHAPTER MENU
- Submission of Laboratory Samples
- Cardiac Catheterization in Large Animals
- Serum or plasma protein measurements constitute a vital component of laboratory diagnostic evaluations.
- Smith Bradford P., Van Metre David C., Pusterla Nicola (eds.). Large Animal Internal Medicine. Part 2. 6th edition. — Elsevier,2020. — 2279 p., 2020
- Acknowledgments